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Author(s):	Hognestad, Hans-Olav; Kieffer, Scott
Title:	Pre-excavation grouting in rock tunneling - Dealing with high groundwater pressures
Abstract:	In rock tunneling, pre-excavation grouting (or, pre-injection) refers to systematic treatment of the rock mass ahead of an advancing tunnel face via pressure grouting. The main purpose of pre-excavation grouting is to reduce water inflows, or to improve geomechanical properties of the rock mass. This paper summarizes approaches for treating competent rock masses with systematic pre-injection of cementitious grouts through boreholes drilled from the working tunnel face. The focus is on traditional cement based grouting technology and drill-and-blast tunneling under high static groundwater pressures (> 20 bar). Post-injection, where drilling and grouting is performed somewhere behind the tunnel face, provides an additional means for achieving a high degree of watertightness, but is beyond the scope of this paper.
Source:	Geomechanics and Tunnelling 12 (2019), No. 2
Page/s:	141-146
Language of Publication:	English/German

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