Artikeldatenbank
Autor(en) | Titel | Zeitschrift | Ausgabe | Seite | Rubrik |
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Gschwandtner, Gunter Gernot; Lenz, Gerold; Wagner, Oliver Kai | Collapses in the vicinity of fault zones - Geotechnical causes and identification / Nachbrüche im Nahbereich von Störungen - Geotechnische Ursachen und Identifikation | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 667-673 | Topics |
KurzfassungThe Semmering Base Tunnel with a total length of 27.3 km is being excavated from the Gloggnitz portal as well as from three intermediate faces at Göstritz, Fröschnitzgraben and Grautschenhof. The geological conditions of the project are characterized by tectonically extremely complex rock formations with difficult geotechnical conditions. The excavation passes through numerous fault zones with deep overburden. During the excavation works, some large-volume collapses occurred. In this article, the collapse events are reconstructed from the available geological and geotechnical information. The reconstruction of the observed system behaviour is based on analytical and numerical calculations. The aim is to identify the respective failure mechanisms. x | |||||
Kessler, Gernot; Klais, Frank; Reiterer, Markus | Site facilities on contract SBT 3.1 / Die Bauinstallationen im Baulos SBT 3.1 | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 674-680 | Topics |
KurzfassungOn contract SBT3.1 of the Semmering Base Tunnel, the intermediate access point at Grautschenhof had to be relocated late in the tender design phase due to new geological findings. One consequence of this was the limited space available on the new construction site area. A number of complementary measures were considered by the client in the tender. Supplemented by innovative technical solutions from the SBT 3.1 Grautschenhof joint venture, it was possible to establish a functioning logistics system for four conventional excavations in the tightest of spaces. x | |||||
Klaffenböck, Thomas; Gertl, Reinhard | Automatic fire-fighting systems in tunnels / Automatische Brandbekämpfungsanlagen in untertägigen Bauwerken | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 681-689 | Topics |
KurzfassungA fire can occur in many areas of a transport system. Detecting fires at an early stage and rapid automated fire-fighting can significantly minimize or completely prevent damage to rolling stock and infrastructure. In addition to effective fire-fighting, people should be safeguarded, the systems should be economical, and activation should cause a minimum of damage. Despite the positive effects of using automatic fire-fighting systems in terms of building protection and reducing the fire load, there may be negative effects on escaping persons during the escape phase. Different systems such as the high-pressure water mist system and the deluge system are investigated by CFD simulation and evaluated with regard to their use during the escape and external rescue phases. x | |||||
Pfeffer, Robert; Rohm, Paul; Oppitz, David | Directional drilling on construction section SBT3.1 - the challenge of drilling speed and accuracy / Gerichtete Vollbohrung am Baulos SBT3.1 - Herausforderung Bohrgeschwindigkeit und Richtungsgenauigkeit im Störzonenbereich | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 690-694 | Topics |
KurzfassungThe Semmering Base Tunnel is being built by Austrian Federal Railways as part of the upgrading of the southern railway line. On contract SBT3.1, Züblin Spezialtiefbau Ges.m.b.H. was employed to undertake slope stabilization, piles dia. 1,500 mm embedded into the rock, as well as vertical and horizontal boreholes in the fault zones of Semmering. Due to the high requirements on drilling speed and accuracy of the boreholes, they were drilled as directional drilling with a hydraulic down-the-hole hammer. The vertical holes were used to install sleeve pipes for grouting works for the shaft Sommerau 2. The horizontal holes, also planned for the inclusion of sleeve pipes for grouting works, were used after on-site rescheduling during the project for exploration and drainage of the rock mass. The drilling and survey data were subject to continual and thorough review to increase the efficiency of each control operation. x | |||||
Pointner, Peter; Höfer-Öllinger, Giorgio | Geological tests on site / Baubegleitende geologische Untersuchungen | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 695-701 | Topics |
KurzfassungIn addition to laboratory analysis, tests can be carried out on site to support the geological underground documentation. They should cover the important parameters on the project and be easy and time-saving to implement. This article describes a selection of methods and their suitability for use on construction sites. The tests comprise determination of water content, grain size distribution as well as the implementation of point load and Cerchar abrasiveness tests. For all these tests, the practical application on the site of the Koralm Tunnel contract KAT 3 and implementation details are explained. For all on-site tests, it is recommended that the results gained should be compared with the experimental procedure and the results of laboratory analyses. x | |||||
Pichler, Moritz; Fürnschuß, Martin; Friedl, Katrin; Schürhuber, Robert; Schmautzer, Ernst | Electrical earthing in sub-surface projects / Elektrische Erdung bei untertägigen Infrastrukturprojekten | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 702-707 | Topics |
KurzfassungElectrical earthing (grounding) is necessary for the proper operation of electrical systems, machines and electronic equipment in the event of a fault, for protection against lightning and personal injury, and for reasons of electromagnetic compatibility. Earthing is understood as “making an electrical connection between a given point in a system or in an installation or in equipment and a local earth”. Electrical grounding systems are designed according to national and international standards, with some of these standards occupying a significant place in the legal hierarchy in Austria and being binding. Simple structures are designed using approximate formulas given in the literature and standards; more complex arrangements use programs with analytical or numerical models for the calculation and design of grounding systems. Underground infrastructure projects require additional considerations. Starting with the technical and legal requirements, the typical process steps for the design of electrical grounding systems are shown. x | |||||
Mössmer, Stefan; Sulzbacher, Gerhard; Jedlitschka, Gernot; Holzleitner, Wolfgang | Brenner Base Tunnel - Tunnelling in the immediate vicinity of existing structures on the Tulfes-Pfons contract / Brenner Basistunnel - Vortrieb im unmittelbaren Nahbereich von Bestandsbauwerken im Baulos Tulfes-Pfons | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 708-715 | Topics |
KurzfassungThis report deals with tunnelling over and under existing tunnels with unreinforced concrete linings and tunnelling under an existing tunnel only supported with shotcrete. The uppermost task was to avoid damage to the existing tunnel and this could be fulfilled through carefully staged advance steps, technically correct construction by the contractor and a dense observation network. The experience tunnelling over an existing tunnel supported only with shotcrete shows that despite slight deformation, cracks and spalling occurred to the shotcrete support layer of the tunnel beneath. This damage did impair the serviceability of the support layer although the structural safety of the tunnel was never in danger. The impairment of the serviceability was temporary and could be remedied by installing overhead protection. In the long term, repair measures were necessary to the support layer in zones with poor geological conditions. x | |||||
Erharter, Georg H.; Poscher, Gerhard; Sommer, Peter; Sedlacek, Christoph | Geotechnical characteristics of soft rocks of the Inneralpine Molasse - Brenner Base Tunnel access route, Unterangerberg, Tyrol, Austria | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 716-720 | Topics |
KurzfassungThe engineering geological investigation for the environmental impact assessment of the more than 20 km long route section Schaftenau-Radfeld in the Lower Inn Valley (Tyrol) was conducted in 2017/18. As a central structure, a nearly 3 km long tunnel will be built through the Unterangerberg. The bedrock of the Unterangerberg consists of turbiditic, marine deposits of the Inneralpine Molasse with interbedded layers of marl, claystone and sandstone. The proximity to the Inntal shearzone and exogeneous effects like several glaciations have softened the surface of the inherently weak bedrock and led to heterogeneous mechanical properties. The monotonous lithology is therefore accompanied by an inhomogeneous rock mass characterization. This paper describes experiences of the geotechnical investigation of this weak rock. It was observed that only a quick transport of samples from the drilling site to the laboratory can guarantee for test results in accordance with the standards. The results, lying in the transitional zone between soft rock and hard soil, are in good accordance with data from other studies. x | |||||
Flora, Matthias; Goliasch, Robert; Strauss, Armin; Atzori, Denis | Hard rock tunnel boring machines - State of the art 2020 / Tunnelbohrmaschinen für Hartgestein - Stand der Technik im Jahr 2020 | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 721-729 | Topics |
KurzfassungAt this year's International Planning Design and Construction (IPDC) Workshop of the Unit of Project and Construction Management (i3b) of the University of Innsbruck, a selected group of tunnelling engineers took a closer look at the state of the art of hard rock tunnel boring machines and the challenges of tunnelling systems along the Brenner axis. The three currently active construction contracts using mechanized tunnelling technology at the Brenner Base Tunnel have an intersection of comparable geological/geotechnical conditions (quartz phyllite, schist, gneiss and granite) and yet different machine types were selected: a Gripper TBM for the Tulfes-Pfons exploration tunnel - H33, three Double Shield machines for the Mauls 2/3 contract and four Single Shield machines for contract H51. The focus of this workshop was accordingly: from geology/geotechnics to the key specifications of the TBM as a basis, followed by the consideration of the type-independent TBM parameters, the differences as well as advantages and disadvantages of the three machine types and finally an outlook into the future regarding further developments and need for innovation. This article summarizes the contents of the workshop. x | |||||
Hammer, Anna-Lena; Thewes, Markus; Galler, Robert | Empirical forecasting model to determine the strength development of shotcrete / Empirisches Prognosemodell zur Bestimmung der Festigkeitsentwicklung von Spritzbeton | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 730-738 | Topics |
KurzfassungShotcrete is an essential support element in tunnelling. From the start of the hydration of shotcrete, it resists stresses and deformation. Therefore its time-dependent material properties, in particular the strength development and stiffness development, are significant. With time, the early strength can affect the progress of rock pressure and the support resistance. In order to describe its mechanical material properties, there are models, mostly validated with data from dry-mix shotcrete or older shotcrete mix designs. Continuous further development in additive technology has however considerable improved the performance of shotcrete in recent years. In this article, data from more recent test series and from practical projects are evaluated. Building on the evaluation of the strength curves, an empirical forecasting model is presented, which can be used for the qualitative estimation of shotcrete strength development. x | |||||
Schiller, Andreas; Wiest, Marius | Development of a new high-strength SN anchor for the optimization of conventional tunnelling / Entwicklung eines neuen hochfesten SN-Ankers zur Optimierung von konventionellen Vortrieben | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 739-744 | Topics |
KurzfassungThe new high-strength SN anchors offer easy handling resulting from a 44 % weight saving compared to conventional SN anchors with the same structural properties. In addition to the advantages in handling and occupational safety, consequential economic advantages can of course be mentioned such as lower freight costs, the option of reducing the borehole diameter, the possibility of parallel execution of various work steps and, finally, optimization of speed in conventional tunnelling. x | |||||
Kumpfmüller, Sebastian; Feiersinger, Andreas; Doulkas, George | Sprayed concrete lining - Improving safety through design | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 745-750 | Topics |
KurzfassungIn-depth contractor engagement during the concept and detailed design phases of the Bank Station Capacity Upgrade project led to an optimised tunnel design with significant improvements in risk management. Regular, coordinated meetings between the design and construction teams led to innovative construction solutions utilised in eliminating risks where possible and where not possible, controlling them through best practice. This paper outlines the lessons learnt from other tunnelling projects in London and presents how the risks related with SCL works have been dealt with in the tunnels design for the Bank Station Capacity Upgrade project. x | |||||
Site Reports: Geomechanics and Tunnelling 6/2019 | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 751-753 | Site Reports | |
KurzfassungDywi-Drill Hollow Bar System - Approval for 100 Year Service Life in Germany - Dywi-Drill Hohlstab-System - Zulassung für 100 Jahre Nutzungsdauer als Dauerpfahl x | |||||
Technical Reports: Geomechanics and Tunnelling 6/2019 | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 754-757 | Product Informations | |
KurzfassungSandvik launches DT1132i tunnelling jumbo - Sandvik präsentiert den DT1132i Tunnelbohrwagen x | |||||
Diary of Events: Geomechanics and Tunnelling 6/2019 | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 6/2019 | 758 | Diary of Events | |
Titelbild: Mauerwerk 6/2019 | Mauerwerk | 6/2019 | Titelbild | ||
KurzfassungThe exceptional apartment building project from HPA+ Architektur in Bergisch Gladbach has altogether six varied residential units in a total usable floor area of about 600 m2. Clay masonry units were chosen for the facade material of the three buildings, with detailed planning being necessary to enable the maintenance of all crossing, bed and head joints in all parts of the facade. Other materials in addition to clay masonry are exposed concrete and galvanised steel, which should give the most “rough” possible appearance. Another special feature of the project is the projecting gables, which are provided with insulation to the underside, resulting in a continuous external envelope. Further details: www.hpa.de (Photo: Detlef Podehl) x | |||||
Inhalt: Mauerwerk 6/2019 | Mauerwerk | 6/2019 | Inhalt | ||
Schoch, Torsten | To what is still to come... / Auf das, was da noch kommt... | Mauerwerk | 6/2019 | 345-347 | Editorial |
Walther, Hartmut B. | Environmental impact of construction products - possibilities and limits when comparing different wall constructions / Umweltwirkungen von Bauprodukten - Möglichkeiten und Grenzen beim Vergleich verschiedener Wandkonstruktionen | Mauerwerk | 6/2019 | 348-355 | Berichte |
KurzfassungLife cycle assessments quantify the environmental impact of goods and services. Increasingly, their results should be used for variant comparisons in construction planning and procurement. x | |||||
Carrigan, Svenja; Hartner, Marco; Hofmann, Markus; Kornadt, Oliver; Schoch, Torsten | Performance of Multipor WI as exterior insulation / Leistungsfähigkeit von Multipor WI als Fassadendämmung | Mauerwerk | 6/2019 | 356-363 | Berichte |
KurzfassungMultipor WI is a mineral-based interior insulation system with excellent insulation properties. It is dimensionally stable, vapor permeable, and nonflammable. In this paper the investigation of the processability and functionality of Multipor WI WLF 042 as an exterior insulation system is reported. On the campus of Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, a building was constructed with a new exterior insulation system of Multipor WI WLF 042, of 14 cm thickness. This insulation, which has so far only been used in the building interior, has a heat conductivity of &lgr; = 0.042 W/(mK) and a density of &rgr; = 90 kg/m3. Its thermal expansion coefficient is &agr; = 10-5/K and its specific heat capacity is c = 0.85 kJ/(kgK). It has a lower density and compression strength than Multipor mineral insulation boards for exterior use do. x | |||||
Hlawatsch, Frank; Aycil, Hakan; Kropp, Jörg | Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) rubble for new recycling building products: In dry premixed mortars for masonry, in masonry blocks and in lightweight blocks / Neue Recyclingbaustoffe aus Porenbetonbruch: In Werktrockenmörteln für Mauerwerk, in Mauersteinen und in leichten Schaumsteinen | Mauerwerk | 6/2019 | 364-377 | Berichte |
KurzfassungIn cooperation of Bremen Institute for Materials Testing (MPA Bremen), a Department of Leibniz Institute for Materials Engineering IWT, Bremen University of Applied Sciences and the Research Association RWB Bremen building products for masonry structures were developed on the basis of AAC rubble from C&D wastes. Granulates from processed AAC rubble were introduced as aggregates in dry premixed masonry mortars, in masonry blocks and lightweight building blocks and elements to replace completely natural aggregates. These recycling products exhibit beneficial technical properties, at the same time large volumes of AAC wastes may be re-used. x | |||||
Schermer, Detleff; Meyer, Udo Joachim; Lutman, Marjana; Triller, Petra | Shear tests on full scale storey-height specimens constructed with thermally insulating clay unit masonry with thin-layer mortar / Schubversuche an geschosshohen Wänden aus wärmedämmendem Planziegelmauerwerk mit Dünnbettmörtel | Mauerwerk | 6/2019 | 378-386 | Berichte |
KurzfassungThe paper presents results of a series of 6 in-plane shear tests on storey-height clay unit masonry panels [1] with thin-layer mortar, carried out in addition to previous test campaigns [2], [3], and [4]. The walls were constructed with unfilled thermally insulating clay units with a thermal conductivity of &lgr; quals; 0.09 W/(m · K). x | |||||
Drobiec, ?ukasz | Analysis of AAC walls subjected to vertical load / Analyse von vertikal belasteten Porenbeton-Wänden | Mauerwerk | 6/2019 | 387-403 | Berichte |
KurzfassungThe paper describes the results of testing six autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) walls on a natural scale. The walls were made of 18 cm wide blocks and thin layer joints. Reinforced and non-reinforced walls were tested. Basalt grids and typical steel reinforcement (truss type) were used as reinforcements. The load was applied by a reinforced concrete rim beam. In the first part of the tests, the impact of the opening (window) on stress distribution and the load capacity of the wall was analysed. In the second part of the tests, the unequally loaded connection zone of perpendicular walls was analysed. The results were used to draw practical conclusions on rules of additional reinforcement of zones surrounding openings and connection zones of perpendicular walls. x | |||||
Miccoli, Lorenzo; Scotta, Roberto; Trutalli, Davide; Brandolese, Sara; Miliani, Alessandro | Bond behaviour of a textile-reinforced mortar for AAC masonry / Haftverhalten eines textilbewehrten Mörtels für Porenbeton-Mauerwerk | Mauerwerk | 6/2019 | 404-413 | Fachthemen |
KurzfassungThe bond behaviour of a textile reinforced mortar (TRM) applied to autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry has been evaluated experimentally. The TRM is composed of a glass-fibre mesh combined with a cementitious mortar and is intended to strengthen AAC masonry walls subjected to out-of-plane bending during an earthquake. The main components have been characterized with preliminary tests. Then, pull-off and shear bond tests have been performed to determine the bonding properties of the TRM applied to the AAC substrate. Three types of AAC blocks have been used, which differ in the bulk density and compressive strength, to evaluate possible variation in the bond strength. The results of the experimental campaign have shown a good performance of the strengthening system. In most cases, the bonding between TRM and masonry was maintained up to tensile failure of the dry textile. As expected, the masonry samples realized using AAC blocks with a higher bulk density showed better performances. The paper presents and discusses main test results, providing background data for future recommendations for the use of the analysed strengthening system in AAC masonry structures. x | |||||
Loderer, Franz; Trümer, André | Design of aerated concrete flat lintels / Bemessung von Porenbeton-Flachstürzen | Mauerwerk | 6/2019 | 414-420 | Berichte |
KurzfassungFlat lintels are an often used and effective method of bridging over wall openings. They consist of a composite system of tension chord and the overlying masonry, which is only considered in regulations in this combined construction. The special features of the construction and design are explained in the present article through the example of aerated concrete flat lintels, with the verification of loadbearing capacity being described and explained based on the latest regulations in technical approvals taking into account the relevant European structural design codes and their national annexes. x |