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Abstract:	Das Bauwesen ist einer der großen Einflussbereiche zur Verringerung des Klimawandels. Im Bausektor, wie auch in anderen Sektoren, ist man zunehmend gefordert, den ökologischen Fußabdruck möglichst gering zu halten. Um diesen Fußabdruck überhaupt definieren zu können, wird z. B. bei der Planung nachhaltiger Gebäude das Instrument der Ökobilanz angewandt. Hierbei fließen die Umweltwirkungen des Gebäudebetriebs sowie der Bereitstellung der verwendeten Baustoffe zur Errichtung eines Gebäudes ein. Letzteres wird in diesem Beitrag verfolgt. Mittels transparenter sowie quantifizierter Darstellung der Umweltwirkung von Baustoffen auf Bauteilebene lassen sich Vergleiche zu anderen zur Auswahl stehenden Bausystemen ziehen. Einer anschließenden Beurteilungsgrundlage können dabei der gesamte Lebenszyklus, aber auch nur Teilabschnitte dessen dienen. Hierbei wird zwischen den Modellen “Cradle to Gate”, “Cradle to Grave” und “Cradle to Cradle” unterschieden. Unter Anwendung der drei Modelle werden in einem Vergleich von Deckensystemen die Treibhauspotenziale und die Primärenergiegehalte gegenübergestellt. LCA comparison at component level The construction industry is one of the major spheres of influence for reducing climate change. In the construction sector, as in other sectors, there is an increasing demand to keep the ecological footprint as small as possible. In order to be able to define this footprint at all, the instrument of life cycle assessment is used, for example, when planning sustainable buildings. This takes into account the environmental impacts of building operation as well as the provision of the building materials used to construct a building. The latter is pursued in this paper. By means of a transparent and quantified presentation of the environmental impact of building materials at the component level, comparisons can be made with other available building systems. The entire life cycle or only parts of it can be used as a basis for subsequent assessment. A distinction is made between the models “cradle to gate”, “cradle to grave” and “cradle to cradle”. On the basis of a comparison of slab systems, this article shows and explains life cycle assessments for these three models and interprets the differences.
Source:	Bautechnik 98 (2021), No. 4
Page/s:	277-284
Language of Publication:	German

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