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Title:	Measuring the fabric evolution of sand - application and challenges
Abstract:	The behaviour of granular materials, such as sands, is controlled by the interaction of particles. This interaction can be described geometrically by orientations and statically by forces. Using x-ray &mgr;-tomography and image analysis, it is possible to determine the geometrical fabric at the grain-scale, whereas the forces still remain inaccessible in natural granular materials. This article shows how the fabric can be accessed using standard and recently proposed advanced image analysis techniques and elaborates which problems arise when describing the fabric quantitatively. These techniques were applied to a triaxial compression test on Hostun sand. The results are described in terms of a fabric tensor, a coordination number and an anisotropy and then related to the macroscopic behaviour of the sample. Experimentelle Bestimmung der Strukturentwicklung in Sanden - Anwendung und Herausforderungen Das Verhalten von granularen Materialen, wie beispielsweise Sanden, wird von den Interaktionen auf der Kornskala bestimmt. Diese Interaktionen können entweder geometrisch, z. B. mit Orientierungen, oder statisch, z. B. mit Kräften, beschrieben werden. Die &mgr; Röntgentomographie in Kombination mit Bildbearbeitung ermöglicht eine Beschreibung der geometrischen Struktur, während die Kräfte in natürlichen Granulaten noch nicht bestimmbar sind. In dieser Arbeit stellen wir die Möglichkeiten zur Bestimmung der Struktur mithilfe von klassischen und fortgeschrittenen Methoden vor und gehen auf die Probleme der quantitativen Ermittlung der Strukturgrößen ein. Anhand eines Triaxialversuchs an Hostun Sand werden die Methoden angewandt. Die Struktur und ihre Entwicklung werden mithilfe eines Strukturtensors, einer Kontaktdichte und einer Anisotropie dargestellt und auf das makroskopische Verhalten bezogen.
Source:	geotechnik 44 (2021), No. 2
Page/s:	114-122
Language of Publication:	German

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