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Tsubomoto, Masahiko; Kawatani, Mitsuo; Mori, KengoTraffic-induced vibration analysis of a steel girder bridge compared with a concrete bridgeSteel Construction1/20159-14Articles

Kurzfassung

At the preliminary design stage for a highway bridge 81 m long, a three-span continuous girder, including a span of about 30 m, is preferable from the point of construction cost. Generally, the concern is that girder bridges with spans of 30 m, which have a fundamental natural frequency of about 3 Hz, have large traffic-induced vibrations due to the coupling dynamic response with heavy vehicles having a bouncing natural frequency of about 3 Hz. Furthermore, large traffic-induced vibration in girder bridges causes low-frequency sound (LFS) as one of the environmental vibration problems. Two kinds of girder bridge with a length of 81 m - a concrete hollow slab bridge and an eight-girder steel bridge with the same spans - are proposed. For assessing the low-frequency sound radiated from bridges, firstly, the traffic-induced vibrations of two kinds of girder bridge are compared with each other by analysing the coupling dynamic response of bridges due to moving heavy vehicles in a dynamic system.

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Elbe Bridge at Schönebeck wins Structural Award 2014 in the category "Highway or Railway Bridge Structures"Steel Construction1/201514News

Kurzfassung

Keine Kurzfassung verfügbar.

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Hashimoto, Kunitaro; Kayano, Makio; Suzuki, Yasuo; Sugiura, Kunitomo; Watanabe, EiichiStructural safety assessment of continuous girder bridge with fatigue crack in web plateSteel Construction1/201515-20Articles

Kurzfassung

This paper, which focuses on a fatigue crack found in a main girder of a continuous steel girder bridge, assesses the remaining structural safety of the steel bridge with such a fatigue crack in order to judge whether or not urgent action such as closure to traffic or necessary temporary repairs and strengthening should be carried out. Therefore, an elastic-plastic finite displacement analysis is carried out for the continuous three-span non-composite steel girder bridge with four main girders in which a fatigue crack about 1.1 m long in the web plate of the main girder was discovered during an inspection. From the analysis results it is found that the load redistribution function of the multiple main girder system was effective and the remaining load-carrying capacity of such a bridge system is such that there will be no sudden collapse of the entire bridge.

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Kennedy, Stephen J.; Martino, Aldo E.SPS bridge decks for new bridges and strengthening of existing bridge decksSteel Construction1/201521-27Articles

Kurzfassung

The sandwich plate system (SPS) is a structural composite material made up of two metal plates bonded to a polyurethane elastomer core. SPS delivers high strength and stiffness, making it an excellent alternative to conventional stiffened steel and reinforced concrete. For strengthening of orthotropic bridge decks, SPS Overlay can be used to create a stiff bridge deck without removing the original plates. The renewed deck improves the distribution of wheel loads across the longitudinal stiffening elements, decreases deck curvatures associated with large concentrated wheel loads, extends the fatigue life of fatigue-critical welds and increases the life of the wearing surface and the whole bridge. For new bridge applications, prefabricated SPS bridge deck plates reduce the dead load by up to 70 % compared with concrete bridge decks, thus allowing bridges to carry significantly greater live load without the need for girder or pier strengthening. Deck replacement can be completed while leaving the steel or concrete girders in place or, where speed of erection is critical, pre-assembled longitudinal deck-girder units can be used.

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Lener, GerhardSteel bridges - numerical simulation of total service life including fracture mechanic conceptsSteel Construction1/201528-32Articles

Kurzfassung

The assessment of the total service life of a steel structure should gain importance in the near future due to the increasing significance of building preservation and building modernization. The main cause of the failure of existing structural steelwork under cyclic loading effects is material fatigue. Most steel structures are, however, failure-tolerant. For economic reasons, this behaviour can be considered by including the crack propagation phase in the assessment. This contribution presents newly developed software tools and the results of some simulations of the total lifetimes of existing structures.

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Mano, Toshihisa; Mangerig, IngbertTensile load-carrying behaviour of elastomeric bearingsSteel Construction1/201533-41Articles

Kurzfassung

Elastomeric bearings for seismic isolation applications can be subjected to tensile loads depending on the geometrical configuration, high vertical seismic motion or excessive horizontal deformation due to the elongated-period horizontal motion. It is a known fact that cavities develop within elastomeric material when it undergoes a certain amount of tensile force in a very constrained condition since a high hydrostatic tensile stress builds up. Once these cavities have developed, the tensile stiffness of the bearing drops dramatically. This paper contributes to understanding this phenomenon itself and its influence on the basic properties of elastomeric bearings. For this purpose, two types of elastomeric bearing were tested and the cavitation phenomenon observed. Moreover, those test results are compared with the FE simulation results from the modified hyperelastic material model with the cavity damage criterion. The two-phase softening model presented here can simulate the real softening behaviour of elastomeric bearings well, and it may even help us grasp a better insight into the cavitation phenomenon.

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Prof. Udo Peil awarded honorary doctorateSteel Construction1/201541People

Kurzfassung

Keine Kurzfassung verfügbar.

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Höglund, TorstenCold-formed members - comparison between tests and a unified design method for beam-columnsSteel Construction1/201542-52Articles

Kurzfassung

In [1] a unified method for the design of steel beam-columns is presented. The method has been checked for rolled steel beam-columns and extruded aluminium beam-columns. It is included in Eurocode 9 [19] for aluminium members and it is proposed to be included also in Eurocode 3 Part 1-3 [16] as well, but then it needs to be checked for typical cold-formed sections.
Cold-formed sections are usually un-symmetric and thin-walled, for instance channel sections or C-shaped sections (lipped channels). When used as compression members, local buckling causes a redistribution of the longitudinal stress which leads to a shift of the effective centroid. The shift causes overall bending and reduces the column strength when the member is compressed between pinned ends. In fixed-ended columns, however, the shift of the effective centroid is balanced by a shift of the applied force and bending is not introduced [6]. As a result, the strength of fixed-ended channel column exceeds that of a pin-ended column of the same effective length [7].
Using effective width for the flanges of channels e.g. according to EN 1993-1-5 [17] gives conservative result as the centroid of the effective section is too close to the web. The mixed effective width/effective thickness method for outstand elements given in Annex D of EN 1993-1-3 [16] is the basis in the following interpretations.

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Enercon wind turbine erected by Liebherr craneSteel Construction1/201552News

Kurzfassung

Keine Kurzfassung verfügbar.

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Bedair, OsamaAn analytical expression to determine "realistic" shear buckling stress in cold-formed lipped channelsSteel Construction1/201553-58Articles

Kurzfassung

Current North American and European design provisions ignore the rotational restraint when evaluating local web shear buckling stresses in cold-formed steel channels. This paper offers a new analytical expression for computing local buckling shear stresses in cold-formed channel members taking into account the rotational restraints imposed by the flanges and the lips. The expression derived is suitable for hand calculations and can replace current code expressions in order to achieve economical steel designs. Comparisons with existing design formulas currently used in practice for the limiting conditions show a difference within 5 %.

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Phänomenta Science Center in Lüdenscheid, GermanySteel Construction1/201558News

Kurzfassung

Keine Kurzfassung verfügbar.

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Nützel, Oswald; Saul, ReinerLong-term corrosion protection for bridge cables with butyl rubber tapes using the ATIS Cableskin® systemSteel Construction1/201559-64Reports

Kurzfassung

ATIS Cableskin® is a corrosion protection system for bridge cables which uses proven materials to strike out in a new direction. These innovative ideas mean that, for the first time, corrosion protection work on scaffolds and in enclosures will be a thing of the past, and the costs and traffic restrictions are massively reduced. It is worth highlighting the extremely long lifetime of this corrosion protection.

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Winterstetter, Thomas; Alkan, Mustafa; Berger, Radu; Watanabe, Maiko; Toth, Agatha; Sobek, WernerEngineering complex geometries - the Heydar Aliyev Centre in BakuSteel Construction1/201565-71Reports

Kurzfassung

The present paper describes the engineering design by Werner Sobek for the new Heydar Aliyev Centre in Baku, a masterpiece of 3D freeform architecture by Zaa Hadid.

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EUROFER: Chinese steel imports confuse buyers in Europe as Chinese steel producers exploit the export tax regimeSteel Construction1/201571News

Kurzfassung

Keine Kurzfassung verfügbar.

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ECCS News: Steel Construction 1/2015Steel Construction1/201572-74ECCS News

Kurzfassung

Events
Announcements
Technical Committees (TC) activities
TC News

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Call for entries: European Steel Design Awards 2015Steel Construction1/201574-76News

Kurzfassung

Keine Kurzfassung verfügbar.

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Announcement: Steel Construction 1/2015Steel Construction1/201576Announcement

Kurzfassung

Keine Kurzfassung verfügbar.

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ECCS individual membershipSteel Construction1/201576News

Kurzfassung

Keine Kurzfassung verfügbar.

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Content: Steel Construction 4/2014Steel Construction4/2014Content

Kurzfassung

Keine Kurzfassung verfügbar.

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ermelj, Bla; Beg, DarkoCyclic behaviour of welded stiffened beam-to-column joints - experimental testsSteel Construction4/2014221-229Articles

Kurzfassung

Sixteen cyclic tests on full-strength welded stiffened beam-to-column joints were carried out to study their seismic performance. High-strength steel (HSS) was used for composite columns acting as non-dissipative elastic members and mild carbon steel (MCS) for the beams acting as dissipative members. Two types of welded full-strength connections were studied: rib-stiffened and cover-plate connections. Additional parameters in the study were: different cyclic loadings and the presence of axial force in the column. Experimental results revealed the good behaviour of the joints in terms of relocation of inelastic action away from the face of the beam-to-column connection into the beam section, with correspondingly large ductility, low-cycle fatigue resistance and minimization of damage in the column.

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Höglund, TorstenA unified method for the design of steel beam-columnsSteel Construction4/2014230-245Articles

Kurzfassung

In Eurocode 3, Part 1-1 [1] two methods are given for the design of beam-columns. They have been criticized for their complexity. Furthermore, internal plastic redistribution of stresses of class 3 cross-sections is not utilized in the code. These shortcomings were resolved in proposal for amended rules in [5], however, the procedures for beam-columns are still complicated and difficult to understand.
An approximate method for the design of beam-columns was proposed 1968 in [6] which was addressed in the Commentary to the Swedish regulations for steel structures [10] and used in Sweden since then [11]. It was accepted also in Eurocode 9 for aluminium [4], where it is especially convenient to allow for softening of the material at local transverse welds, see [9]. The method is here proposed to be included also in Eurocode 3.
In this paper the resistance of class 3 cross-sections is discussed and the unified method for beam-columns is presented. Four worked examples are presented, three of them on rather complicated structures, to show the capability to treat such structures as well.

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Call for ContributionsSteel Construction4/2014245News

Kurzfassung

Keine Kurzfassung verfügbar.

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Kido, Ewa Maria; Cywi ski, ZbigniewThe new steel-glass architecture of air terminals in JapanSteel Construction4/2014246-251Report

Kurzfassung

Steel-and-glass structures for buildings, railway stations and airports are currently representatives of modern infrastructure worldwide. The first two, characteristic of Japan, have been discussed in previous articles [1], [2]. In this paper the authors look at Japanese air terminals.

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XIII International Conference on Metal StructuresSteel Construction4/2014251News

Kurzfassung

Keine Kurzfassung verfügbar.

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Helbig, Thorsten; Giampellegrini, Laurent; Oppe, Matthias"Carioca Wave" - A free-form steel-and-glass canopy in Rio de Janeiro, BrazilSteel Construction4/2014252-257Reports

Kurzfassung

The elegant free-form steel-and-glass canopy covers the atrium of the redevelopment of the “CasaShopping” luxury home furnishings centre in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The eye-catching sculptural shape of the canopy is inspired by the ocean waves of the nearby seaside of Barra di Tijuca. The “Carioca Wave” rises out of a pool at ground level and arches over the atrium to provide a link between the shops and the main entrance at the lower level. The complex geometry of the structure places high demands on construction. The high-precision node-beam system was prefabricated in Europe in order to allow fast and simple assembly and erection on site. The free-form steel-and-glass structure - one of the first of its kind in South America - was developed in a collaborative design-and-build project between architect Nir Sivan (Rome, Italy), special contractor se-austria (Schoerfling, Austria) and Knippers Helbig advanced engineering (Stuttgart, Germany).

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