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Simplifications to finite element models are the subject of this article. These simplifications form part of a new method for the fire design of concrete and composite slab systems with partly unprotected secondary steel beams, taking into account tensile membrane action. Internal forces can be determined with the simplified model and cross-section design procedures can be applied to calculate the required reinforcement amount equivalent to ambient temperature. The FE model is simplified by replacing the thermal analysis with a substitute thermal loading. Non-linear material behaviour is taken into account via a reduced model stiffness, which allows an efficient linear elastic calculation. The new method presented therefore enables the simple and efficient design of slab systems for fire.

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This article deals with the design and construction of a bridge on Réunion Island. Its design results from a close cooperation between architect, landscape designer and engineers. It concerns a steel arch bridge with an unusual slenderness ratio of 1:7.5 guided by geotechnics, accessibility to the excavations and environmental and aesthetic considerations. Detailed studies of the wind (numerical calculation of the wind, wind tunnel studies, calculations with turbulent wind) allowed cyclone conditions to be taken into account in the design for top speeds, which can reach nearly 300 km/h. The structure was built using the cantilever method thanks to the addition of diagonals and temporary anchoring tie beams allowing a transitory lattice-type operation.

The new office building for the European Investment Bank in Luxembourg was built to a design by Dusseldorf-based architect Christoph Ingenhoven. The particular features of this building are its cable façades as well as the curving glass envelope spanning over the whole structure. This article provides a detailed description of the steel-and-glass structures to the façades and barrel vault, which are the main elements determining the building’s appearance. Particular attention is paid to the very high safety standards applied to all structures. Thanks to a sophisticated combination of various loadbearing elements it was possible to unite maximum transparency with remarkable robustness.

Between October 2003 and July 2004, Arup, in a joint venture with the Dutch airport planners NACO and the architects Foster & Partners, designed the Terminal and Ground Transportation Centre needed for the 2008 Olympic games at Beijing Airport. Work commenced on site in March 2004 and ended almost four years later with the opening ceremony in February 2008. This was the team's third airport together, the forerunners being Stansted Airport, London, in the late 1980s and Chek Lap Kok Airport, Hong Kong, in the late 1990s. For each terminal the basic engineering diagram is similar.
The design of airport terminals is predominantly influenced by functionality. Externally, they are constrained by the movements of land transportation systems on one side and aircraft on the other. Internally, large numbers of people and baggage must flow from entrances to departure gates or arrivals gates to exits. Both the non-public areas, like the baggage-handling facilities, and the public areas need column-free spaces to provide maximum flexibility and unimpeded passenger flow.
Forces in roofs and floors increase with the square of the span and result in large member sizes, but these must be limited because the overall height of airport facilities is restricted. Furthermore, a deep roof structure will impair the ability for natural light to pass through the roof into the building's interior. Both requirements can only be achieved with a carefully integrated design.
Airport terminals are characterized by the fact that the climatic and other physical conditions for which they must be designed vary across the world. For example, whereas Chek Lap Kok had to withstand typhoon wind loads and is located in a subtropical climate, Beijing is in an active seismic zone and experiences large seasonal temperature fluctuations. However, they must be able to accommodate the same aeroplanes worldwide while exhibiting their own form with respect to geometry, modularity, repetition and the use of information technology in the design, analysis, specification and fabrication.
Today, fabrication technology is changing rapidly thanks to the application of computerized analysis and fabrication methods in engineering. This in turn influences the structural concept and design. A manifestation of this is illustrated below.

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