Journal articles
Author(s) | Title | Journal | Issue | Page | Category |
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Schubert, Wulf; Lauffer, Harald | NATM - from a construction method to a system / NĂ–T - von der Bauweise zum System | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 5/2012 | 455-463 | Topics |
AbstractThe term NATM was introduced by Rabcewicz during a lecture at the Geomechanics Colloquium in 1962. In this lecture, he summarizes the development of tunnelling methods and insight into mechanical processes in the ground over the last decades, and points out the positive experience made with a combination of shotcrete and rock bolts instead of the traditional timber or steel supports. Building on experience and development around the world, it has been Austrian engineers who have systematically developed and applied the method. In the beginning technological questions played a major role, but it was also clear that traditional design methods were no longer applicable. Thus it was still unavoidable to rely heavily on experience and observation. The importance of measurements for observing the system behaviour has been acknowledged, and techniques have been developed considerably further since then. Parallel to gaining more experience with the method in all kinds of ground conditions, contractual practices have also been further developed with the aim of establishing rules, which allow fair compensation of the contractor in spite of all the inherent uncertainties. In Austria, tunnel design practice has been standardized by the introduction of a guideline. x | |||||
Schubert, Wulf; Jedlitschka, Gernot | 71 Geomechanics Colloquium - 71. Geomechanik Kolloquium | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 5/2022 | 439 | Editorials |
Schubert, Wulf; Jedlitschka, Gernot | 70. Geomechanics Colloquium / 70. Geomechanik Kolloquium | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 5/2021 | 423 | Editorials |
Schubert, Wulf; Brunnegger, Stefan; Staudacher, Robert; Wenger, Julian | Further development of yielding elements and connecting elements for shotcrete / Weiterentwicklung von Stauchelementen und SpritzbetonanschlĂĽssen | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 5/2018 | 575-581 | Topics |
AbstractYielding elements in combination with shotcrete linings are used in Austria since 1994, replacing the previous method of leaving open gaps. The first system, used at the Galgenbergtunnel, consisted of groups of axially loaded steel pipes with manufactured local weakness. The resistance of those elements showed a pronounced oscillation during shortening. This triggered a first improvement of the elements in the late 1990ies. Those elements were called LSC (Lining Stress Controller) and subsequently successfully used on a significant number of projects around the world. Recently, the yielding elements have been further optimized aiming at easier production and lower costs. Still using steel pipes, those are filled with porous material, increasing the elements' capacity. With sequential excavation, construction joints in the shotcrete lining are necessary. Producing quality joints appears to be difficult without special connecting elements. The so produced connections are thus potential points of weakness, reducing the lining capacity. A prototype of a connecting element was developed, which can be easily produced and installed. Site tests have been successfully conducted at the tunnel Stein in Austria. x | |||||
Schubert, Wulf; Blümel, Manfred; Staudacher, Robert; Brunnegger, Stefan | Support aspects of tunnels in fault zones / Aspekte des Ausbaus von Tunneln in Störungszonen | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 4/2017 | 342-352 | Topics |
AbstractSpecial considerations are required for the support of tunnels in fault zones. On the one hand, standard support elements are not compatible with the imposed displacements. On the other hand, local shearing can cause damage to the lining already at rather small displacements magnitudes. Cracks in the lining frequently are observed, when the geometry of the tunnel changes, or at the intersection with cross passages. As strengthening of the lining in many cases cannot prevent damage, temporarily leaving an open gap in the primary lining. Implementing yielding elements into the lining is as well feasible, as economical increasingly replaces the traditional method of leaving open gaps. This results in a better utilization of the lining's capacity and a considerable reduction of displacements. As the lining with integrated yielding elements develops considerable thrust, a transfer of the loads via the construction joints is required. Thus, careful construction of those joints is essential. Another problem can be the bond between bolt, grout, and rock mass, as the bolts are installed, when the displacement rate is highest, and the strength of the grout still low. This paper deals only with phenomena caused by discontinuities and large displacements, and does not address other hazards, like flowing ground. x | |||||
Schubert, Wulf | Long-term observation of geotechnical structures - Langzeitbeobachtung von geotechnischen Strukturen | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 1/2021 | 2 | Editorials |
Schubert, Wulf | 67. Geomechanics Colloquium / 67. Geomechanik Kolloquium | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 5/2018 | 400 | Editorials |
Schubert, Wulf | 25 years of research and development at the Institute of Rock Mechanics and Tunnelling at Graz University of Technology / 25 Jahre Forschung und Entwicklung am Institut für Felsmechanik und Tunnelbau an der Technischen Universität Graz | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 3/2018 | 203-212 | Topics |
AbstractThe Institute of Rock Mechanics and Tunnelling at the Graz University of Technology was founded in 1992. From the beginning, the primary focus of research and development was on Alpine tunnelling and slope stability issues, considering geological conditions and their impact on construction. The aim was to improve the current practice, as well as to reduce uncertainties. The research areas can be roughly grouped into rock mass characterization, improvement of monitoring data interpretation, ground behaviour assessment, as well as development and improvement of support elements. The research is documented in about 110 master theses and 30 doctoral theses, and approximately 350 papers. x | |||||
Schubert, Wulf | 66. Geomechanics Colloquium / 66. Geomechanik Kolloquium | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 5/2017 | 428 | Editorials |
Schubert, Wulf | Current state of tunnelling in fault zones / Stand der Technik des Tunnelbaus in Störzon | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 4/2017 | 326 | Editorials |
Schubert, Wulf | 65. Geomechanics Colloquium | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 5/2016 | 368-369 | Editorial |
Schubert, Wulf | EUROCK 2015 & 64th Geomechanics Colloquium | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 5/2015 | 370 | Editorial |
Schubert, Wulf | 63rd Geomechanics Colloquium / 63. Geomechanik Kolloquium | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 5/2014 | 389 | Editorial |
Schubert, Wulf | 62nd Geomechanics Colloquium / 62. Geomechanik Kolloquium | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 5/2013 | 385 | Editorial |
Schubert, Wulf | 61st Geomechanics Colloquium - 50 Years NATM / 61. Geomechanik Kolloquium - 50 Jahre NĂ–T | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 5/2012 | 404-405 | Editorial |
Schubert, Wulf | 60th Geomechanics Colloquium / 60. Geomechanik Kolloquium | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 5/2011 | 356-359 | Editorial |
Schubert, Wulf | Editorial: Geomechanics and Tunnelling 3/2011 | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 3/2011 | 174 | Editorial |
Schubert, Wulf | Experience of tunnel construction in weak ground / Erfahrungen beim Bau von Tunneln in schlechtem Baugrund | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 3/2011 | 211-220 | Topics |
AbstractA whole range of problems are generally associated with the construction of tunnels in weak ground and under high overburden. Among those are large displacements, wide variation of stresses and strains, and sudden water ingress, to name just a few. A wide variety of behaviours can be experienced, depending on the ground conditions and the influencing factors. The contribution deals with experience from the construction of several Alpine tunnels in faulted rock masses. Specific characteristics of each project are highlighted, and the lessons learned described. x | |||||
Schubert, W. | Is the OeGG guideline for geotechnical design compatible with the EC7? - Ist die Ă–GG-Richtlinie fĂĽr geotechnische Planung kompatibel mit dem Eurocode 7? | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 1/2010 | 73-76 | Topics |
AbstractThe Austrian Society for Geomechanics has published a guideline for the geotechnical design for underground structures with conventional excavation in 2001, which was revised in 2008. The guideline clearly focuses on the observational approach due to the uncertainties in the ground model and ground parameters in the design stage. In this paper the requirements stipulated in the Eurocode regarding the observational method are compared to the respective formulations in the guideline. x | |||||
Schubert, W. | The Development of the Observational Method | Geomechanik und Tunnelbau | 5/2008 | 352-357 | Fachthemen |
AbstractA continuous observation during construction always has been an important element of geotechnical engineering for minimizing risks. The reasons are the uncertainties in the geological and geotechnical models, as well as the limited capability to sufficiently accurately describe the complex ground behaviour. In the early days design of geotechnical structures thus was mainly based on experience. As usual, experience was used to develop mathematical solutions to the problem. To account for the inherent scatter of parameters and uncertainties in the models, the assumptions made during design had and have to be verified or falsified during construction by observations. For safe and economical construction, the design has to be adjusted during construction to the actual conditions. The term “observational method” was first formally introduced by Peck and Terzaghi. The original ideas behind the method have not always been understood or followed. After a brief historical review of the observational method the current status of the method is critically reviewed, and further developments discussed. x | |||||
Schubert, W. | Editorial | Geomechanik und Tunnelbau | 1/2008 | 2 | Editorial |
Schubert, W. | Die bauaufsichtliche EinfĂĽhrung der neuen Normen der Reihe DIN 1055 - Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke | Bautechnik | 10/2006 | 746 | Bautechnik aktuell |
Schubert, W. | Die bauaufsichtliche EinfĂĽhrung der neuen Normen der Reihe DIN 1055 - Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke | Stahlbau | 10/2006 | 860-861 | Berichte |
Schubert, W. | Die bauaufsichtliche EinfĂĽhrung der neuen Normen der Reihe DIN 1055 - Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke | Bauphysik | 5/2006 | 343 | Technische Regelsetzung |
Schubert, Stefanie; Krause, Ulrich | Numerische Untersuchung zur Rauchgasströmung in energieeffizienten Gebäuden mit kontrollierter Wohnraumlüftung | Bautechnik | 6/2017 | 344-349 | Aufsätze |
AbstractDer vorliegende Beitrag ist ein Auszug aus einer CFD-basierten Studie zum Einfluss der Lüftungstechnik auf die Rauchausbreitung und Brandentwicklung in einem energieeffizienten Gebäude. Es wurde ein Brand im Hauswirtschaftsraum eines Einfamilienhauses simuliert. Die Brandsimulationen wurden mit dem Programm Ansys CFX Version 14.5 berechnet. Das Programm wurde durch das Fractional-Effective-Dose-Modell (FED) zur Beurteilung der Personensicherheit und ein Modell zur Brandausbreitung ergänzt. Die Luftzufuhr in dem Gebäude erfolgt über ein kombiniertes Zu- und Abluftsystem. Es wird der Druckgradient gezeigt, der sich zwischen dem Brandraum und dem angrenzenden Raum einstellt. Der zeitliche Verlauf von Gaskonzentrationen und Temperaturen im Brandraum wird vorgestellt. Mithilfe des FED-Modells werden Aussagen zur Personensicherheit und Fluchtfähigkeit getroffen. Die Ausbreitung des Brandrauchs wird anhand eines Volumenrenderings gezeigt. x |