Behandelt wird die Frage, inwieweit Computermethoden wie CAD und CAM als Arbeitshilfe die Planung von Stahlbauprodukten bereits in der Entwurfsphase unterstützen. Eine weitergehende Bewertung zielt darauf ab, ob durch die Anwendung von CAD in der Planung auch die Fertigung und Montage des Produkts effektiver und effizienter werden. Berichtet wird über eine Untersuchung mit dem Versuch, den Planungsprozeß von Stahlbauprodukten im Computer zu simulieren. Dabei wurde unterstellt, daß ein Stahlbauprodukt als Baureihe hinsichtlich Kosten und Nutzen Verhaltensreaktionen zeigt, die durch eine Simulation im Computer aufgezeigt werden und Basis für eine anschließende Optimierung sind. An einem Beispiel werden Chancen und Probleme erörtert, für die Simulation ein vom Markt angebotenes stahlbauspezifisches CAD-System einzusetzen. Der Aufsatz schließt mit Hinweisen, in welche Richtung CAD-Systeme weiterentwickelt werden sollten, um mehr Einsatzmöglichkeiten zu eröffnen.

Dieser Beitrag präsentiert computergestützte Modellierungskonzepte zur Vorhersage von Feuchteverläufen und zugehörigen Spannungsfeldern sowie zur numerischen Bestimmung potenzieller Risstiefen von Holzbauteilen. Die vorgestellten Konzepte werden anhand experimenteller Versuchsprogramme validiert und die damit einhergehenden Herausforderungen diskutiert. Ausgewählte Ergebnisse zeigen letztendlich die Möglichkeiten und auch die Relevanz solcher Methoden für den Ingenieurholzbau auf.

Computer-based modeling of moisture transport in woodbased materials
This article presents computational modeling concepts for predicting moisture gradients, the corresponding stress distributions, and addresses the numerical determination of potential crack depths of wooden components. The concepts presented are validated using experimental test programs, and the associated challenges are discussed. Selected results ultimately show the possibilities as well as the relevance of such methods for timber engineering.

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Der vorliegende Beitrag befaßt sich mit der computerbasierten Projektierung von Bauwerk-Sprengungen und ist in zwei Teilen gegeliedert. Im vorliegenden ersten Teil werden die theoretischen Grundlagen sowie der Praxiseinsatz von Softwaresystemen zur Projektierung der Sprengung moderat komplexer Bauwerksstrukturen - insbesondere von Stahlbetonschornsteinen - erläutert. Der zweite Teil, der zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt erscheint, beschäftigt sich mit dem Sprengabbruch komplexer Bauwerke, insbesondere von Hochhausstrukturen.

Es wird über Entwicklung und Anwendung eines graphik-gestützten Computerprogramms zur Bemessung im Stahlbetonbau mit Stabwerksmodellen berichtet.

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Today's 'smart' digital technologies help us meet the increasing demands of integral building performance more efficiently, while delivering higher standards and providing valuable insight into the consequences of design changes. The motivation for introducing computational design technologies in the building process is often directly derived from a time-/money-oriented perspective with a focus on the local improvement of efficiency. Three key drivers are identified with respect to the effective utilisation of computational design methods in the building industry: the need for effective and efficient processes; the availability of new technology; and higher demands in integral building performance. These key drivers will be illustrated along with examples from practice. With numerous new techniques becoming available for all parties in the overall building process, the new challenge is to link these 'local improvements' in an attempt to benefit from mutual advantages and potentially create new design methods and building processes. Digital technologies will force the contemporary building industry to re-think processes, re-establish relationships and develop new business models to ensure the long-term viability of design firms and consulting companies in the current performance-driven built environment.

Computational Design in der Bauindustrie - Drei Schlüsselfaktoren für die effektive Anwendung von Computational Design in der Bauindustrie.
Die “intelligenten” digitalen Technologien von heute helfen uns, die steigenden Anforderungen an die integrale Gebäudeleistung effizienter einzuhalten, gleichzeitig höhere Standards zu erfüllen und wertvolle Erkenntnisse über die Folgen von Designänderungen zu gewinnen. Die Einführung computergestützter Designtechnologien im Bauprozess ergibt sich oft direkt aus einer zeit- und geldorientierten Perspektive, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf der punktuellen Verbesserung der Unternehmenseffizienz liegt. Für die effiziente Nutzung von Computational Design in der Bauindustrie spielen drei Schlüsselfaktoren eine Rolle: die Notwendigkeit effektiverer und effizienterer Prozesse, die Verfügbarkeit neuer Technologien und höhere Ansprüche an die integrale Gebäudeleistung. Diese Schlüsselfaktoren werden im Folgenden anhand von Beispielen aus der Praxis veranschaulicht. Angesichts der zahlreichen neuen Techniken, die für den gesamten Bauprozess verfügbar sind, besteht die neue Herausforderung darin, die “punktuellen Verbesserungen” so miteinander zu verknüpfen, dass sich Synergieeffekte nutzen und möglicherweise neue Designmethoden und Bauprozesse entwickeln lassen. Digitale Technologien werden die Bauindustrie dazu zwingen, Prozesse zu überdenken, neue Beziehungen herzustellen und neue Geschäftsmodelle zu entwickeln, um die langfristige Lebensfähigkeit von Konstruktions- und Beratungsunternehmen im Klima des Performance-driven Designs zu gewährleisten.

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This paper concerns the relationship between compressive, tensile and flexural creep behaviours related to the same concrete. Experimental tests and a numerical simulation are performed in the scope of this work. The main conclusion of this study is that due to the strong scale effect related to the tensile and bending creep behaviours of a “standard” concrete mix design, it is not possible to simulate numerically (with classical Kelvin-Voigt chains) the bending creep behaviour of that type of concrete knowing the compressive and tensile creep behaviours obtained using the specimen geometries normally used in laboratories.

Nominated for Eurosteel 2021 Best Paper Award
The paper addresses the instability of large angle columns in high-strength steel subjected to compression loads. It presents a number of compression tests on such columns with different eccentricities and slenderness and the resulting different buckling failure modes observed. The experimental campaign is intended to widen our understanding of the behaviour of high-strength steel columns with large angle sections in compression and bending and so to complement previous experimental studies. The tests were accompanied by numerical analyses and calculations of the load carrying capacities based on current Eurocode 3 design recommendations. The numerical simulations were conducted using the FEM software FINELG, which takes into account the influence of geometrical and material non-linearities. The numerical and analytical results are compared with the corresponding experimental ones. The experimental campaign and the numerical simulations were conducted as part of the ANGELHY project funded by the European Commission's Research Fund for Coal and Steel (RFCS).

Nominated for the Bernt Johansson Outstanding Paper Awards at Nordic Steel 2019
Over the past few decades, the cold-formed steel industry has developed a manufacturing technique for producing self-supporting arches from trapezoidal steel sheets. The press-forming procedure is based on introducing transverse corrugations into the main direction of the flat profile in order to bend it. The main problem is that these indentations, which are essential to curve the profile, change the effective properties of the original steel sheet. Currently, there is no design code or standardized test procedure that can be used to obtain the effective properties of the corrugated profile. This research project analyses the behaviour of the corrugated profile when it is subjected to pure compression and compares it with the behaviour of the flat profile.

Developments and new trends in composite truss bridges are reviewed, and recent designs are presented for road and railway bridges. The structural scheme may range from a continuous truss girder to a cable-stayed bridge with a double deck for both road and rail traffic.
Composite decks with 3D tubular triangular trusses for road bridges are discussed; design issues are outlined and some results for the elastoplastic redistribution of internal forces at ULS, based on recent numerical and experimental research studies, are presented.
Recent designs of skew semi-through composite trusses, for High Speed Railway, are reported in what concerns the dynamic behaviour under traffic loading and the stability of the compressed chord. The Base Case Design of a cable-stayed bridge, 540 m long main span, with a double composite truss deck, for the new railroad crossing of the Tagus River in Lisbon, is discussed.

Steel-concrete composite floor systems represent a common solution for buildings, leading to reduced material consumption and improving the structural strength and flexural stiffness. Lightweight steel frame construction systems, based on the combination of thin-walled cold-formed steel members (CFS) and panels (e.g. wood, cementitious, gypsum plaster), may also benefit from the composite behaviour in the case of concrete slabs. In this context, full-scale experimental tests were conducted to evaluate the structural behaviour of a floor system conceived with 0.95 mm thick CFS trussed beams and prefabricated concrete slabs. An innovative solution for shear connectors was designed and tested in order to ensure full interaction between the CFS trussed beam and the concrete slab. The thin-walled channel (TWC) connector is based on a lipped channel CFS attached to the top chord of the truss by standard self-drilling screws. Experimental results indicate efficient behaviour of the TWC shear connectors with improved bending capacity of the floor system.

Composite dowels are known as powerful shear connectors in steel-concrete composite girders. They are being used more and more in practice, especially for prefabricated composite bridges. Compared with headed studs, they provide increased strength. They also exhibit good deformation capacity even in high-strength concrete. Further, their use in steel sections without an upper flange is very simple. However, a lack of standards for composite dowels with the economic clothoid and puzzle shapes has led to hesitations regarding applications, which is often due to delays in the approval process. Hence, the aim of the recently finished German research project P804 funded by FOSTA, the Research Association for Steel Application, was to solve unanswered questions concerning these innovative shear connectors and to prepare a national technical approval available for any design office or construction company. This paper describes the technical rules derived for ultimate and fatigue limit states, the structural design principles and instructions for production and construction, and provides further background information.

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Shallow floor beams, abbreviated to SF beams and also known as slim floor beams, are beams where most of the beam member is embedded in the concrete decking of the floor, which is supported on the lower flange or outward ledge of the beam. SF beams are composite members in which composite action can be utilized in both the serviceability and ultimate limit state conditions or only at the serviceability limit state, depending on the decking type. This paper discusses the composite action in SF beams when the decking is of a solid type, i.e. consists of a reinforced concrete slab or composite slab with profiled sheeting, making it possible to benefit from the composite behaviour at all important limit states. Hollow-core decking supported on SF beams is a special case in which the composite action can only be employed in the design for serviceability conditions. Another paper covers the special issues regarding the design of such shallow floors.

Literature of modelling steel frames in 3D using beam finite elements is presented. The development of member modelling is described first followed by joint modelling. The review ends with a brief introduction of the 3D component model for end plate joints. The next part includes three examples of the 3D component method: base bolt joint, beam- to-column joint and member splice joint.

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