Artikeldatenbank
Autor(en) | Titel | Zeitschrift | Ausgabe | Seite | Rubrik |
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Zieger, Thomas; Bühler, Martin; Rick, Beat; Schmid, Werner; Grossauer, Karl | Challenges and innovative solutions at the new construction of the Bözberg Tunnel / Herausforderungen und innovative Lösungen beim Neubau des Bözbergtunnels | Geomechanics and Tunnelling | 1/2018 | 62-75 | Topics |
KurzfassungIn order to further increase the transfer of transalpine traffic through Switzerland from road to rail, the Gotthard axis is to be improved to a 4 m corridor. For this purpose altogether 270 km of railway line between Basel and the Italian border is to be improved to a corner height of 4 m by 2020. The largest individual structure is the new Bözberg Tunnel in the canton Aargau. Various options were investigated for the preliminary design. The best variant turned out to be the new construction of a two-track tunnel parallel to the existing tunnel. The existing two-track Bözberg Tunnel, which is not suitable for upgrading to the 4 m standard, will be used as a service and escape tunnel. Various emergency exits lead through five cross passages from the new to the old tunnel. The short construction time of five years until opening on the one hand, and the challenging geology in the Faltenjura with swelling rock mass on the other pose great problems for client, designers, and the contractor. This article reports on these challenges and describes how they have also led to innovative solutions. x | |||||
Ziebart, W. | Ein Verfahren zur Berechnung des Kerb- und Größeneinflusses bei Schwingungsbeanspruchung. | Stahlbau | 8/1978 | 254 | Berichte |
Zidlko, J. | Instandsetzung des beschädigten Schwimmdaches eines Stahlbehälters für flüssigen Brennstoff. | Stahlbau | 8/1982 | 235-236 | Fachthemen |
Zickendraht, R. | Der Spannungsnachweis für Biegung mit Normalkraft beim dickwandigen bewehrten Rohr. | Beton- und Stahlbetonbau | 9/1976 | 220-222 | |
KurzfassungFür dickwandige Stahlbeton- und Spannbetonrohre mit ein- und zweilagiger Bewehrung wird ein Verfahren angegeben, um für nicht rotationssymmetrische Belastung wie Erdüberschüttung oder Wasserfüllung den Spannungszustand zu bestimmen. x | |||||
Ziaadiny, Hadi; Abbasnia, Reza | Unified cyclic stress-strain model for FRP-confined concrete circular, square and rectangular prisms | Structural Concrete | 2/2016 | 220-234 | Technical Papers |
KurzfassungThe behaviour and modelling of concrete columns confined with FRP composites under monotonic compression has been extensively studied, but far fewer studies of the cyclic behaviour of FRP-confined circular and rectangular columns have been carried out. A reliable model indicating the cyclic stress-strain behaviour of FRP-confined columns is of great importance, especially for seismic retrofits and the design of these columns. In this paper, based on the results from a series of cyclic compressive loading tests on FRP-confined specimens, a unified cyclic stress-strain model is proposed for circular, square and rectangular columns confined with FRP composites. The model contains different parts of the cyclic stress-strain curve, including plastic strain, maximum strain in unloading path and corresponding stress, stress deterioration, effect of loading history, partial unloading and partial reloading. New expressions are also proposed for predicting unloading and reloading paths. The proposed model agrees well with the test results. x | |||||
Zhu, R. | Rohraufweitungs-Lastdosierer - Grundlagen, bisherige Entwicklung und Ausblick. | Stahlbau | 3/1992 | 79-83 | Fachthemen |
KurzfassungLastdosierer sind Bauelemente, die die auf sie wirkende Kraft auf die sog. Ansprechlast begrenzen, indem sie unter dieser Kraft nachgeben. Eingebaut im Bauwerk sollen die Lastdosierer die tragende Konstruktion vor Überbeanspruchung infolge Zwängungen oder Kräfteumlagerungen schützen. Die Rohraufweitungs-Lastdosierer erfüllen weitgehend die Anforderungen an duktiles Tragverhalten. Berichtet wird über die Forschung und Entwicklung an Lastdosierern, die experimentellen und analytischen Untersuchungen sollen die Realisierung der Lastdosierer in der Praxis absichern. x | |||||
Zhu, B.; Zhau, M. | Die Wechselwirkung zwischen Bauwerk und Baugrund. | Bautechnik | 3/1983 | 80-87 | |
KurzfassungDie Untersuchung der Wechselwirkung zwischen Bauwerk und Baugrund zeigt, wie die Verformung und die Schnittgrössen der Fundamente von der Steifigkeit des Bauwerks beeinflusst werden. Die Ermittlung der Steifigkeit des Bauwerks wird mit Hilfe des Substrukturverfahrens und der Matrizenverdichtung durchgeführt. x | |||||
Zhou, Xiaohai; Derome, Dominique; Carmeliet, Jan | A new procedure for selecting moisture reference years for hygrothermal simulations | Bauphysik | 6/2016 | 361-365 | Fachthemen |
KurzfassungHygrothermal models allow designers to evaluate the hygrothermal performance of building envelopes. However, hygrothermal modeling needs the input of the external climate loading, a moisture reference year, to evaluate moisture damage risk of building envelope. In this paper, a new procedure is proposed for selecting moisture reference years. A metric, called Climatic Index, combining wind-driven rain load and potential evaporation is developed in this study. Climatic Indices over 30 years are determined for a wall envelope located in Zurich, Switzerland. The hygrothermal performance of the wall envelope and its moisture damage risk are simulated and evaluated using a hygrothermal risk indicator, called the RHT Index. A clear correlation between Climatic Index and RHT Index is found for the specific moisture damage considered, mold growth. The selection procedure combines a first selection of three years around the 10 % level criterion based on the Climatic Index, followed by a careful comparison of different years based on RHT Index and a final selection of the year with the largest RHT Index as moisture reference year. The combination of Climatic Index and RHT Index allows for the selection of moisture reference years with known level of damage risk. x | |||||
Zhou, X.; Heinz, R.; Fuchs, H. V. | Zur Berechnung geschichteter Platten- und Lochplatten-Resonatoren | Bauphysik | 3/1998 | 87-95 | Fachthemen |
KurzfassungEs wird die Qualität vereinfachter Rechenverfahren zur Ermittlung des Absorptionsgrads bei senkrechtem Schalleinfall auf ein- und mehrschichtige Platten- bzw. Lochplatten-Resonatoren überprüft. Hierzu werden für verschiedene Absorber-Anordnungen Vergleiche zwischen dem berechneten und dem im Kundtschen Rohr gemessenen Absorptionsgrad durchgeführt. Die Übereinstimmung ist gut. Damit können auch neuartige Absorber optimiert werden, die bei der Entwicklung breitbandig wirksamer und vielseitig einsetzbarer faserfreier Bauteile für die Raumakustik und Lärmbekämpfung an Bedeutung gewonnen haben. x | |||||
Zhou, Linyun; Liu, Huangin | Response of cracked simply supported concrete beam with moving vehicle load | Structural Concrete | 5/2016 | 875-882 | Technical Papers |
KurzfassungThe dynamic response of a cracked beam subjected to moving loads has been studied extensively in the past decades. However, very little is known about the dynamic impact factors and crack propagation when vehicles move along the cracked beam. It can be reasonably postulated that a crack extension may occur when the vehicle loads cross the cracked bridge at a high speed. As a result, the dynamic response will be enlarged significantly due to the flexural rigidity reduction induced by cracks, which may result in a dangerous effect on structures. To address this problem, a three-dimensional vehicle-bridge model was developed to investigate the dynamic response of cracked bridges with crack breathing. Crack breathing is simulated at the crack surface using contact elements. The modified crack closure method is adopted to calculate the stress intensity factors. The results showed that the impact factors for the damaged bridge under a moving load could be notably larger than those for the intact bridge, and could exceed the value specified in the AASHTO bridge design code. Meanwhile, crack propagation may occur when the vehicles move along the cracked bridge at a high speed. So, it is very necessary to limit the velocity and transverse position of the vehicles to avoid further damage to the cracked bridge. x | |||||
Zhou, Lin-Yun; Liu, Zhao; He, Zhi-Qi | Further investigation of transverse stresses and bursting forces in post-tensioned anchorage zones | Structural Concrete | 1/2015 | 84-92 | Technical Papers |
KurzfassungIn the post-tensioned anchorage zone, the load transfer path of an anchor force can be visualized by an infinite number of isostatic lines of compression (ILCs). The method was initially proposed by Guyon and recently attracted significant interest from a number of researchers. Based on the work of these predecessors, an updated mathematical model has been proposed in order to analyse the bursting forces and the distribution of transverse stresses in the anchorage zone. Compared with the results of a finite element analysis, the updated equations are more accurate than the previous ones. Based on the observation that the sixth-order polynomial expression is better than the fourth-order one, as far as the solution of bursting stresses is concerned, it can be reasonably postulated that a de facto function of the ILCs must exist. Additionally, it is equally interesting that the bursting forces derived with the updated analytical model are the same as those obtained with the formula in the current AASHTO-LRFD Bridge Design Specifications based on numerical stress analyses. x | |||||
Zhou, Lin-Yun; Liu, Zhao | Investigation of the buckling behaviour of thin-walled hollow concrete piers | Structural Concrete | 3/2016 | 491-501 | Technical Papers |
KurzfassungTall hollow concrete piers with high width-to-thickness ratios are commonly used in long-span box girder bridges. Such thin-walled structures present the possibility of failure due to local buckling. So, in common practice, diaphragms are usually included in hollow piers to improve the local stability; however, is that necessary? Although experimental research on the buckling behaviour of hollow piers has been conducted extensively, few analytical attempts have been performed to reveal the effects of the width-to-thickness ratio on local buckling behaviour. To this end, an analytical model has been proposed to investigate the local buckling behaviour of hollow piers. Following the Ritz-Timoshenko method, an analytical formula for critical local buckling stress has been developed and verified to have good accuracy compared with finite element analyses. Based on the buckling failure mode of a hollow pier with a slenderness ratio > 6, it can be reasonably postulated that the strength of the hollow pier will be unaffected by local compression flange buckling when the wall width-to-thickness ratio is < 24, and it is entirely unnecessary to include diaphragms in hollow piers for stability. Additionally, it is equally interesting that the critical width-to-thickness ratio of a hollow pier with a slenderness ratio > 4 derived using the proposed model is the same as the value given by the current AASHTO-LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. x | |||||
Zhou, Lin-Yun; He, Zhi-Qi; Liu, Zhao | Investigation of optimal layout of ties in STM developed by topology optimization | Structural Concrete | 2/2016 | 175-182 | Technical Papers |
KurzfassungStrut-and-tie models (STMs) have been wildly used for the design of disturbed regions in structural concrete members. The STM developed based on the load path method or with the aid of stress trajectories is not unique and varies with the designer's intuition and past experience. As a result, topology optimization methods have been adopted to generate STMs in reinforced concrete structures. However, such models are just a preliminary configuration and the detailed layout of ties in an STM cannot be determined by the optimal topology. This is because reinforced concrete is assumed to be a uniform elastic continuum. Therefore, the effect of the steel reinforcement on the load transmission cannot be considered in the optimization process. Recently, the criterion of minimum strain energy has been proposed to determine the optimal layout of STMs obtained by the modified optimization method. However, the strain energy criterion does not work when the minimum strain energy in ties is zero when evaluated by mathematical equations. To address this issue, the maximum stiffness criterion is proposed to discover the optimal layout of ties in STMs by evaluating the stiffnesses of strut ties. x | |||||
Zhou, G.; Zou, Y.; Boley, C. | Reduktion der Frosthebungen bei der künstlichen Bodenvereisung | Bautechnik | 9/2009 | 566-573 | Fachthemen |
KurzfassungMit dem Ziel der Reduktion der Frosthebungen bei der künstlichen Bodenvereisung wurden die Einflüsse des Temperaturgradienten, der Temperaturänderung sowie der Temperaturänderungsamplitude und -periode der Vereisungstemperatur auf die Frosthebungen bei der eindimensionalen Frosteindringung in feinkörnige Böden experimentell im Labor untersucht. Bei der Frosteindringung in feinkörnige Böden ist die Frosthebung infolge der Bildung der untersten Eislinse (letzte Eislinse bei Frostung von oben nach unten) im thermodynamisch stationären Zustand maßgebend. Der Temperaturgradient beeinflusst zwar die Frosteindringtiefe, die Größe der Frosthebung dagegen nur in geringem Maße. Durch zyklische Veränderungen der Vereisungstemperatur kann das Wachstum der letzten Eislinse beschränkt und dadurch die Frosthebung vermindert werden. Die zyklische Veränderung der Vereisungstemperatur bereits vor der Bildung der letzten Eislinse führt dagegen zu einer großen Frosthebung. Zur Minimierung der Frosthebung müssen die Temperaturveränderungsamplitude und -periode während der Vereisung auf die Eislinsenbildung abgestimmt werden. x | |||||
Zhou, Donghua; Pahn, Matthias; Kurz, Wolfgang | Beitrag zur Berechnung von Verbundträgern mit elastischem Verbund - Genaue Methode und ein Näherungsverfahren | Stahlbau | 4/2014 | 278-288 | Fachthemen |
KurzfassungIn diesem Beitrag werden Verfahren zur Berechnungen von Trägern mit starrem oder elastischem Verbund sowie ohne Verbundwirkung behandelt. Die Anwendung von geschlossenen Lösungen für die exakte Berechnung des elastischen Verbundes ist unentbehrlich. Einige geschlossene Lösungen zur Bestimmung der Normalkraft und der Durchbiegung werden angegeben. Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des hier eingeführten Verbundfaktors und die dahinter stehenden Federmodelle werden gezeigt. Schließlich wird eine Näherungsmethode in Verwendung eines erweiterten Federmodells und eines Verbundfaktors entwickelt. Die Ergebnisse, die nach beiden Rechenmethoden in Beispielen berechnet wurden, zeigen eine gute Übereinstimmung. x | |||||
Zhou, D. | Besonderheiten von Durchlaufverbundträgern mit Stegöffnungen | Stahlbau | 5/2004 | 356-359 | Fachthemen |
KurzfassungDie Ergebnisse einer nichtlinearen FE-Berechnung eines Durchlaufverbundträgers mit Stegöffnung werden vorgestellt. Dabei zeigen sich beim Tragverhalten einige Besonderheiten, die man bei der Bemessung solcher Träger beachten sollte. x | |||||
Zhou, D. | Tragverhalten von Einfeldverbundträgern mit Stegöffnungen | Stahlbau | 3/2004 | 170-174 | Fachthemen |
KurzfassungAngesichts der nur wenigen vorliegenden rechnerischen Untersuchungen von Einfeldverbundträgern mit Stegöffnungen werden hier Ergebnisse der nichtlinearen Nachrechnungen von Versuchsträgern mit einer Stegöffnung präsentiert. Hieraus lassen sich einige interessante Erkenntnisse ableiten. x | |||||
Zhou, D. | Ein Rechenverfahren von Verbundträgern mit Stegöffnungen - Teil 2 | Stahlbau | 10/2003 | 744-747 | Fachthemen |
KurzfassungEin Ingenieurmodell zur Berechnung der Tragfähigkeit von Verbundträgern mit Stegöffnungen wurde mit Anwendung des Traglastverfahrens hergeleitet. Die Herleitung erfolgte unter Ausnutzung der Gleichgewichtsbedingungen und ist leicht nachvollziehbar. Einige Beispiele wurden mit dem Rechenmodell berechnet. Dabei lassen sich die Tragfähigkeit und Tragverhalten anschaulich darstellen. x | |||||
Zhou, D. | Ein Rechenverfahren für Verbundträgern mit Stegöffnungen - Teil 1 | Stahlbau | 9/2003 | 626-634 | Fachthemen |
KurzfassungEin Ingenieurmodell zur Berechnung der Tragfähigkeit von Verbundträgern mit Stegöffnungen wurde mit Anwendung des Traglastverfahrens hergeleitet. Die Herleitung erfolgte unter Ausnutzung der Gleichgewichtsbedingungen und ist leicht nachvollziehbar. Einige Beispiele wurden mit dem Rechenmodell berechnet. Dabei lassen sich die Tragfähigkeit und Tragverhalten anschaulich darstellen. x | |||||
Zheng, Yue; Chen, Bo; Chen, Weizhen | Evaluation of the seismic responses of a long-span cable-stayed bridge located in complex terrain based on an SHM-oriented model | Stahlbau | 4/2015 | 252-266 | Fachthemen |
KurzfassungLong-span cable-stayed bridges often have multiple supports separated by certain distances. If a long-span bridge is located in a complex terrain with different local soil conditions, the spatial variability may result in quantitative and qualitative differences in seismic responses compared with those produced by synchronous motion at all supports. To conduct such a multi-support excitation analysis of a long-span bridge, the ground motion excitations at different supports of the bridge are traditionally reproduced using the unconditional simulation technique, which cannot reflect the realistic propagation of ground motions at the site where the bridge is located. In addition, the finite element model of a cable-stayed bridge cannot be calibrated before conducting the seismic analysis. Heretofore the difference in seismic responses between the FE model and an alternative model has not been investigated systematically. Furthermore, seismic response analyses of long-span bridges using in situ ground motions are very rare. x | |||||
Zhao, Yuxi; Zhang, Dawei; Shen, Shijun; Ueda, Tamon | Axial loading capacity of concrete-jacketed RC columns with pre- and post-corrosion damage | Structural Concrete | 3/2016 | 355-364 | Technical Papers |
KurzfassungThe main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of pre- and post-jacketing corrosion and loading damage on concrete-jacketed reinforced concrete (RC) columns under uniaxial loading and to develop a methodology for predicting the corresponding compressive strength. The pre- and post-damage involved preloading up to 50 % of the peak load of the core column, an electrochemical process to accelerate the migration of chlorides from an external electrolyte into the test columns and a wetting-drying cycle process with a controlled current to speed up the corrosion of the steel reinforcing bars in the test columns. Uniaxial loading tests were performed to determine the structural performance of the concrete-jacketed columns with and without corrosion damage. The failure mode and load-displacement and load-strain responses of the test columns were recorded, and the related mechanisms are discussed. A model capable of evaluating the compressive strength of unjacketed or jacketed RC columns with and without corrosion damage was then developed. The analytical approach considered the effect of reinforcement corrosion on the effective loadbearing area of the concrete and the confinement effect of the stirrups. The analytical results agree well with the experimental results, indicating the reliability and effectiveness of the models developed. x | |||||
Zhao, Xiao-Ling; Heidarpour, Amin; Gardner, Leroy | Recent developments in high-strength and stainless steel tubular members and connections | Steel Construction | 2/2014 | 65-72 | Article |
KurzfassungThis paper reports on recent developments in high-strength and stainless steel tubular members and connections. It includes carbon steel tubes with a yield stress up to 1350 MPa and stainless steel tubes. The paper describes high-strength tubes in terms of residual stresses, material properties at elevated temperatures, member behaviour, welded connections under static loading, fatigue strength of welded connections, fabricated sections utilizing high-strength steel tubes and stainless steel tubular members and connections. x | |||||
Zhao, Mosha; Mehra, Schew-Ram | Untersuchung der natürlichen Lüftung in traditionellen Gebäuden | Bauphysik | 6/2017 | 340-351 | Fachthemen |
KurzfassungTraditionelle Gebäude sind durch die Verbindung baulicher Anforderungen und soziokultureller Bedürfnissen einer Gesellschaft gekennzeichnet. Die Nutzung natürlicher Ressourcen, wie Wind zur Kühlung und Lüftung, stellt dabei ein besonderes Merkmal traditioneller Bauweisen dar. In diesem Beitrag werden vorhandene analytische und numerische Methoden zur Untersuchung der natürlichen Lüftung in Gebäuden vorgestellt und diskutiert. Schwächen gängiger analytischer Methoden, wie die Volumenstrommodelle (“Envelope flow models”), für Bauwerke mit großen Öffnungen werden aufgezeigt. Bei komplexen Gebäudestrukturen sind Methoden dieser Art nicht einfach anwendbar. Hierfür sollen andere Methoden, wie die CFD-Simulation, zum Einsatz kommen. Für die Validierung der CFD-Simulation wird im Anschluss auf zwei bereits durchgeführte Experimente zurückgegriffen. Die Ergebnisse können das Strömungsverhalten infolge des Windes sowie den thermischen Auftrieb in den untersuchten Beispielen realitätsnah wiedergeben. Im Anwendungsbeispiel wird für den weiteren Einsatz der CFD-Simulation ein Gebäude mit Windturm dargestellt und diskutiert. Somit sollen Grundlagen für weitere Untersuchungen der natürlichen Lüftung für klima- und kulturgerechte Bauten geschaffen werden. x | |||||
Zhang, Xutong; Far, Harry; Lin, Xuqun | Deflection analysis of welded steel I-girders with corrugated webs based on first yield | Steel Construction | 2/2023 | 127-136 | Articles |
KurzfassungSinusoidal corrugated profile webs have been popularly used in steel structural designs to replace the flat webs in conventional welded beams, while there are better performances in corrugated web beams (CWBs) regarding more stability and less material used to against beam failures caused by buckling. Previous studies have provided that CWBs enabled numerous favourable benefits to be recognised as alternatives to the traditional weld beams in designing structures. Furthermore, as CWBs are proposed as the major load-carrying elements, the maximum deflection in the elastic range is one of the important beam properties that should be precisely estimated and calculated. To find an appropriate method in computing the maximum deflection of CWBs based on the first yield for civil communities in Australia, proposed equations based on other standards will be employed to calculate the theoretical results for the comparisons with simulation-based results. While applying the linear analysis simulations provided by SAP 2000, ultimate limit state design theory has also been used with requirements stated by AS 4100. In this study, the results in theoretical calculations and numerical simulations have been compared to conclude that the highly defined equations by ASTM [37] and Sause et al. [38] could precisely estimate the maximum deflections of CWBs based on the first yield in conjunction with requirements and limitations in Australian standards, which could be adequate for the structural design calculations in Australian design fields. x | |||||
Zhang, Xi; Rasmussen, Kim | Tests of cold-formed steel portal frames with slender sections | Steel Construction | 3/2014 | 199-203 | Articles |
KurzfassungCold-formed steel sections are widely used in many applications such as structural frames, scaffolding systems, purlins and storage racks. In particular, cold-formed steel portal frames can be an alternative to conventional hot-rolled steel portal frames for industrial, rural and residential low rise buildings. The advantages of using cold-formed steels include a higher strength-to-weight ratio and reduced material, erection and transportation costs. x |